Many people have seals. Yes, engrave your own name. In some formal occasions, such as signing a contract, performing your duties, waving your last name, affixing your seal, double integrity and double guarantee.

This is the earliest printing, or the budding of printing. Printing originated in this way, and later after several changes and innovations, it was also called rubbings at the beginning, that is, seals. In the Tang Dynasty, woodblock printing evolved. The general situation is that the producer engraves the required articles or graphics on a template, and prints them on the paper with oil ink. Copy all the contents of one layout at a time, and the unused engraving module will be abandoned. It's a waste.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng, a capable man, improved this technology and invented movable type printing. "Movable type printing", as the name implies, every word is active. In short, block printing is to carve all the characters needed on a large page, and the characters are fixed on the page. The movable type printing is that each word on the layout can be flexibly pressed and disassembled, and each word is independent and movable. In other words, the principle of printing is the same when we change "engraving" to "typesetting".

At first, Bi Sheng invented to carve characters on the clay, printing them one by one, burning them hard, and then they became movable characters. Before typesetting, a layer of turpentine wax mixed with paper ash shall be covered on the iron plate covered with frames. Movable type shall be arranged on the iron plate in turn, heated, and when the wax melts, the characters shall be flattened with a flat plate, and the clay characters shall be fixed on the iron plate, which can be printed like a block. After use, it can be heated, and the movable type can be removed and reused, which is more economical and convenient than the whole engraving. Movable type printing is one of the four great inventions in ancient China, 400 years earlier than that in Europe, creating a new era of printing history.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Zhen innovated the use of wooden movable type. He invented the rotary typesetting method in typesetting technology, which not only reduced the manual work of typesetters, but also improved the work efficiency. Kill two birds with one stone.

The so-called world cannot be separated from China. China is the first important force to push forward the world history!

More than 500 years after the invention of movable type printing, the Renaissance of the bourgeoisie broke out in Europe. Bourgeois intellectuals want to win over the feudal Pope church and enter the stage of history. They borrowed the fat sheep's head of ancient Greek and Roman culture to sell the bourgeoisie's own humanism. Large quantities of bourgeois cultural products are pouring into the vast market. How can they be separated from Chinese printing?

Let's imagine that if there is no printing in China, even those cultural masters who work tirelessly, day and night, and seize every minute and second to copy their works by hand, I'm afraid there will be few people who know because of short supply. Then history may be rewritten. If this idea is established, today's world is probably still in the era of "word of mouth" legend.

With the high prosperity of science and technology, the dissemination of knowledge and culture is still the most widely used cultural dissemination, although there are more advanced means of communication, such as e-book, computer library, network media and so on. There is no object, no way to replace it. Not only at present, but also in the future!